HOUSTON —The Gulf Coast Power Association’s 2017 Spring Conference last week attracted around 400 attendees for discussions on energy storage, ERCOT transmission policies, the future of energy policy under President Trump and the changing generation mix in the U.S. and Alberta, Canada. Here’s some of what we heard.

NRG’s Gutierrez Offers Solutions for ERCOT Market

NRG Energy CEO Mauricio Gutierrez delivered the opening keynote address, professing the company’s passion and commitment to ERCOT and the desire for a structure “that is sustainable and provides the benefits of competition to businesses and consumers here in Texas.”

Gutierrez said he was concerned about price formation in the ERCOT market, the growth of renewables and what he called the preference for transmission over market solutions in the planning process. “There’s a lack of balance in transmission planning policy, which undermines wholesale prices and which will eventually overwhelm the competitive retail market and consumers,” he said.

Gutierrez’s solutions? Improve the operating reserve demand curve’s price signal with a locational component; include marginal losses in ERCOT prices; minimize the use of out-of-market actions; address mitigation rules for reliability-must-run units; and balance transmission investment with market-based solutions.

“When you mitigate RMR units, you’re suppressing prices exactly when it’s not supposed to. It interferes with the market’s ability to meet reliability needs,” Gutierrez said.

“I tend to be transparent when it comes to the ERCOT market and very forthcoming,” he said. “I always like to polarize the conversation, because it brings out the essence of the issue. The more open and transparent we have that conversation, the quicker we’ll get to the right answer. We cannot afford to keep dancing around.”

Unwinding Environmental Regulations Won’t Be Easy

Jeff Holmstead, a partner with the Bracewell law firm who headed the EPA’s Office of Air and Radiation from 2001 to 2005, opened a panel discussion on Trump’s first 100 days as president by taking the audience back to the morning after his November election, joking: “You probably woke up to a surprise. Who would have thought California would legalize recreational marijuana?”

Sempra Energy’s vice president of federal government affairs, Maryam Sabbaghian Brown, was more serious. “It’s been made clear, and the president has made clear, that reforming the Clean Power Plan is a top priority. This administration is very focused on delivering on that campaign promise,” she said.

But it won’t be easy, said Brown, who served as an energy and environment adviser to House Speakers John Boehner and Paul Ryan. “There are the delays we’re seeing in nominations for second- and third-tier executives for the agencies that do a lot of the work involved in unwinding these rules,” Brown said. “There needs to be a recognition that there will be a lot of time involved in doing this work. It doesn’t happen with a simple wave of the wand for mechanical and legal reasons.”

“The big challenge is getting through the years and years of regulatory processes,” said Clean Line Energy President Mike Skelly, whose company is working to secure approvals of five different high-voltage transmission lines across multiple states. “We’ve gotten there with one project, and we’re close to the finish line with another. I cannot overstate the difficulty of multistate approvals. Every day is a mad dash.”

Skelly agreed with the Trump administration’s push for a $1 trillion infrastructure bill, which may include some public-private partnerships.

“Energy … doesn’t carry the public price tag that water, bridges and highways do. Those are direct expenditures,” said Skelly, an unsuccessful Democratic congressional candidate in 2008. “I think Democrats will get behind it. In the sense you need a bipartisan vote on infrastructure, transmission may fit in. It’s not a huge universe type of project.”

“First, you have to recognize the unifying nature of energy and environmental policy within the Republican Congress,” Brown said. “Health care and tax reform are taking up the greater part of the oxygen in Washington, D.C. It’s difficult to get consensus on those issues within the Republican conference, but energy and environmental policy presents a real contrast to those issues in that it is a unifier for their conference, and it can also be a bipartisan issue. I think there’s a real opportunity to advance policies that support the energy business.”

Skelly was less optimistic about the tax credits for wind and solar energy, which are due to begin phasing out this year. (See Solar to Shine Under ITC Extension.)

“We’ve been in many discussions with the leadership and others in Congress and the administration, and it’s like, ‘A deal is a deal. You guys agreed to phase these out.’ You never know, but you feel like the decision’s been made.”

Addressing FERC, which is one commissioner short of a quorum and also has Colette Honorable facing the end of her term this summer, Brown said the commission will likely defer more responsibility to the states and grid operators.

“We’re still waiting for the formal FERC nominations, but it seems as though the new commissioners are not coming in with a preconceived federal agenda as we saw with the [George W.] Bush and Obama administrations,” she said. “It will be perhaps more reactive, and give a lot of deference for the states to do what they want to do. That’s not to say we won’t see involvement from the federal government, but the states and ISOs are going to continue to lead in their spaces.”

Canadian ISO Takes on Environmental Challenges

Alberta Electric System Operator CEO David Erickson described his own challenges with governmental change in Canada and the resulting effect on the ISO’s market, which is home to the country’s oil sands production. AESO has been operating an energy-only market, under a right-leaning, business-friendly Progressive Conservative party government that has controlled the province for decades.

When the New Democratic Party took control following the 2015 elections, Erickson said AESO — which relied on coal for 62% of its power production last year — was forced to determine how to phase out coal-fired generation by 2030.

“The new government wanted to do something in a more aggressive way. It wanted to do things quicker,” he said. “We came to the conclusion an energy-only market was not sustainable unchanged. There was too much investment needed in thermal power plants, too big of an influx of renewables that push down the price and impair that [thermal] investment.”

AESO is now transitioning to a capacity market to ensure reliability and price stability. It supports the government’s Climate Leadership Plan.

“We’ll replace two-thirds [of coal energy] with wind and [the remainder] with natural gas,” Erickson said. “That’s our only choice. We did not want power to be a business disincentive for the province or start losing business to other states because of power issues.”

Desires of Consumers, Commercial Customers Changing Generation Mix

As part of a panel discussing how consumers can drive changes in wholesale and retail power markets, Chris Hendrix, director of markets and compliance for Wal-Mart Stores, agreed that renewable power is squeezing out conventional power sources.

“Why are the large corporations doing it?” he asked. “It really comes down to they’re getting pressured by investors, owners, customers and employees, or a combination of those, to green up their footprint. Instead of greenwashing it, they’re going out and buying green power.”

Maura Yates, co-CEO of Mothership Energy Group, a group of women-owned energy solutions companies, agreed. “They’re being driven to procure for a number of reasons,” she said. “It’s now a value stream for the corporation. We’re seeing loads influence the power market. It’s a really telling thing that loads today are buying based on subjective and objective values.”

Asked whether the demand for customer choice might lead to further deregulation, Hendrix said the push to deregulate goes in ebbs and flows. “It looks like we’ll get it nationwide, then it falls apart,” he said. “Now you see California talking about full and open retail competition. A lot of it is driven not only by the large industrials, but retail customers who want to have a say in where their generation comes from.”

“Another reason is the transparency,” Yates said. “There is so much more transparency in the deregulated space than there is in the regulated space. That makes it so much easier to charge 20 cents/kWh” in the latter, she said.

Mike Sullivan, CEO of Texas retailer Champion Energy Services, said no one should assume renewable energy and storage technologies will lead to migration away from the grid.

“If people knew what they wanted, that might expedite that,” he said. “But the fixed costs are there. You can’t fight city hall, and you damn sure can’t fight the utilities.”

Storage ‘Commercial Right Now’

A panel devoted to energy storage and related “technology enablers” agreed that as costs continue to come down, the industry will only become more familiar with storage devices and more open to their use.

“When you’re planning systems five years out, the culture makes it very hard to get planners to look at storage, because they’re very technical,” Electric Transmission Texas President Kip Fox said. “As they become more familiar with storage technology, we’re starting to see these applications for batteries rather than traditional transmission solutions.”

“This is very commercial right now,” argued Kiran Kumaraswamy, market development director for AES Energy Storage. “There’s no need to do research and development and promotion projects. It’s always cheaper than what you think the cost is. Even though we talk about storage in isolation, adding storage to the system helps you operate your facilities much more efficiently. We’re optimizing price patterns on the overall grid. That’s something AES has seen in every market we have entered, whether it’s PJM [or] the Chilean market.”

– Tom Kleckner